Involvement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the action of cholera toxin in vitro.
نویسنده
چکیده
NAD is a necessary cofactor for the activation of adenylate cyclase (ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1) by cholera toxin. Lysates of certain types of cell that hydrolyze their endogenous store of NAD after cell disruption respond poorly or not at all to cholera toxin. Lysates of pigeon erythrocytes, which lack enzymes that degrade NAD, provide a convenient and reproducible system for assaying the activity of cholera toxin in vitro and allow investigation of the mechanism of action of the toxin upon broken cells.
منابع مشابه
Cholera toxin requires oxidized nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide to activate adenylate cyclase in purified rat liver plasma membranes.
Activation of adenylate cyclase in isolated rat liver plasma membranes by cholera toxin was demonstrated. The activation requires the presence of NAD+ and ATP and is irreversible.
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1. The Km for NAD+ of cholera toxin working as an NAD+ glycohydrolase is 4 mM, and this is increased to about 50 mM in the presence of low-Mr ADP-ribose acceptors. Only molecules having both the adenine and nicotinamide moieties of NAD+ with minor alterations in the nicotinamide ring can be competitive inhibitors of this reaction. 2. This high Km for NAD+ is also reflected in the dissociation c...
متن کاملSPECIlqCITY OF THE COFACTOR (NAD) REQUIREMENT FOR TOXIN ACTION IN CELL-FREE SYSTEMS BY RONALD
I t was shown by Collier and Pappenheimer (1) that inhibition, by diphtheria toxin, of amino acid incorporation into polypeptides in cell-free systems isolated from mammalian cells requires the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as an essential cofaetor. In the absence of NAD, there is no inhibition of amino acid incorporation, even in the presence of high toxin concentrations....
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
دوره 72 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1975